They founded several empires across much of West Africa including the ancient Tekrur and more recently the vast Sokoto Empire that extended from Mali to Cameroon and included all of the northern part of Nigeria and Cameroon. In their quest for greener grass and for the purpose of spreading Islam, they conquered many smaller kingdoms on the ashes of which they founded many powerful but smaller states. The kingdom of Fuuta Jallon in Guinea is an example. Today, they live a more sedentary lifestyle and are involved in many other activities including trade and agriculture.

Their origins have been subject to much speculation but the most widely accepted source attributes their origins to ancient Egypt were they lived thousand years ago before migrating West and South and then East in search of greener pasture for their cattle.

Fulani are the most widespread ethnic group in Africa and they can be seen in all major cities of Sub Saharan Africa and the Western world. They are excellent traders and business people.